Hip Dysplasia in Babies: What You Need to Know
Today, I'm going to talk to you about a topic that's important for your little ones' health – hip dysplasia.
So, what is hip dysplasia?
Hip dysplasia is a condition where a baby's hip joint doesn't develop normally. The hip is a ball and socket joint. In hip dysplasia, the hip socket is too shallow to properly support the end of the thigh bone, and the bone is somewhat displaced or dislocated out of the socket. This can potentially cause discomfort, pain, and lack of mobility. But don't fret! With early detection, proper care, and some help from an infant Physical Therapist, we can help your baby's hips grow up healthy and strong.
How do I know if my baby has it?
Babies can't exactly tell us what's bothering them, so we need to look out for some clues. Here are some signs that might make you say, "Hmm, is something going on with my baby's hips?"
1. Hip Clicks: Sometimes, when the hip joint isn't fitting just right, it can make a funny clicking sound when you move your baby's legs, especially when you move the legs open and closed.
2. Limited Leg Movement: If your baby has difficulty moving one leg compared to the other, or if they seem to have less flexibility in one hip, it's worth checking out.
3. Asymmetrical Thigh Folds: Take a peek at your baby's thighs while they're lying down. If one thigh crease looks higher than the other, it could be a sign of hip dysplasia.
4. Leg Length Discrepancy: As your baby grows, you might notice that one leg seems shorter than the other.
5. Uneven Hips: Your baby's hips should look symmetrical. If one hip seems to stick out more or be pushed in, that's another clue.
Babies with breech presentation while in-utero have a higher likelihood of developing hip dysplasia, and will usually have a routine ultrasound scheduled around 3 months to check the integrity of the hip structure.
Early Detection is Key
Detecting hip dysplasia early is very important. The good news is that physicians and physical therapists can do a quick and easy exam to check your baby's hips right after birth. This usually involves gentle movements and listening for those hip clicks. If anything seems off, further tests like ultrasound or X-rays might be needed to verify.
Treatment and Care
If your baby is diagnosed with hip dysplasia, don't worry; there's a lot that can be done to help those little hips grow healthy and strong.
1. Pavlik Harness: This temporary removable harness gently holds the baby's legs in a frogged-legged position, allowing the hip joints to develop properly as you baby grows.
2. Spica Cast: In more severe cases, a temporary cast might be necessary.
3. Physical Therapy: Working with a physical therapist can help your baby develop strong and flexible hip joints after the harness or cast comes off. Although these devices may help the hip bones, it does not help with strengthening the tissues around the hips to keep those bones secure and in place. Additionally, hip muscles are not getting utilized while in the devices and may need strengthening exercises once they are off.
4. Surgery: In rare cases, surgery might be needed. Physical therapy can help guide you through pre and post surgery rehab.
Keep on Hip-checking!
Remember, hip dysplasia is treatable, and most babies with this condition go on to lead healthy, happy lives. The key is early detection and following your healthcare provider's advice, including getting a PT on your team.
As parents, your instincts are your superpower. If something feels off with your baby's hips, don't hesitate to talk to your pediatrician or an orthopedic specialist. They'll be your partners on this journey to ensure your little one's hips are in tip-top shape.
Do you have questions about hip dysplasia? Contact our group of infant physical therapists for a free consult!
